Ngaanyatjarra Lands extends west from the border between Western Australia South Australia and the Northern Territory.

The area includes reserves and special leases granted for the use and benefit of Aboriginal people. It also includes the Gibson Desert Nature Reserve and the Warburton Range Stock Route.

The areas of exclusive possession, Aboriginal Reserves and leases require permission to enter or transit.

Ngaanyatjarra is a Western Desert language belonging to the Wati branch of the Pama-Nyungan languages.

Until the establishment of the Warburton Mission in 1934 there had been no external agency established on their lands.